DNA vs RNA (Updated) Test

1.Which sugar is found in a DNA nucleotide? 2 pts

• Ribose
• Deoxyribose
• Glucose
• Fructose

2.Which of the following bases is found in RNA but NOT in DNA? 2 pts

• Adenine
• Thymine
• Uracil
• Cytosine

3.In eukaryotic cells, where is DNA primarily located? 2 pts

• Ribosome
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Cell membrane

4.What is the monomer (building block) of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA? 2 pts

• Amino acid
• Fatty acid
• Nucleotide
• Glucose

5.What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide in both DNA and RNA? 2 pts

• Phosphate, sugar, and a base
• Amino acid, ribose, and cytosine
• Glucose, phosphate, and uracil
• Adenine, thymine, and guanine

6.Which type of RNA carries the genetic message from DNA out of the nucleus to the ribosome? 2 pts

• rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
• tRNA (transfer RNA)
• mRNA (messenger RNA)
• snRNA (small nuclear RNA)

7.Which type of RNA is a major component of ribosomes? 2 pts

• mRNA
• tRNA
• rRNA
• DNA

8.If a strand of DNA has the base sequence A-T-T-G-A-C, what is the correct complementary DNA strand (reading in the same direction as shown in the video's example)? 2 pts

• T-A-A-C-T-G
• A-U-U-G-A-C
• U-A-A-C-U-G
• A-T-T-G-A-C

9.What does tRNA do during protein synthesis? 2 pts

• Carries the genetic message out of the nucleus
• Makes up the structure of the ribosome
• Transfers amino acids to match the correct mRNA codon
• Unwinds the DNA double helix

10.What is a polypeptide chain, and what is it made of? 2 pts

• A chain of nucleotides that forms a DNA strand
• A sequence of RNA bases copied from DNA
• A chain of joined amino acids that makes up part of a protein
• A double-stranded structure found in the nucleus

11.Explain one key structural difference between DNA and RNA. 3 pts

12.Describe the role of mRNA in getting genetic information from DNA to the ribosome. 3 pts

13.If a DNA strand has 8 nucleotides, how many bases and how many base pairs does it have? Explain your reasoning. 3 pts

14.What is the RNA World hypothesis, and why might it suggest RNA is more fundamental than DNA? 3 pts

15.Compare and contrast DNA and RNA in terms of their structure and function. In your response, include differences in strands, sugars, and bases, and explain how each of the three types of RNA (mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA) contributes to producing proteins from the information stored in DNA. 10 pts